Chemistry 101 Class Notes Professor N. De Leon TAKE AN ON-LINE EXAM Survey Results Spring 2001

INTRODUCTION History The Scientific Method Topic questions and problems FAQ MEASUREMENTS Large and small numbers Units Prefixes Conversions between units (dimensional analysis) Temperature MATTER AND ENERGY Physical and Chemical Properties Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Compounds Density Energy changes in chemical reactions Conservation of mass Specific and heat capacity COMPOSITION OF ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS Names and symbols of the elements Dalton's atomic theory Formulas for molecular compounds Formulas for ionic compounds Composition of the atom Atomic symbols, isotopes The mass Atomic weights CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE The periodic table Elemental ions and simple salts Polyatomic ions and their salts Naming binary molecular compounds Acids and bases Hydrocarbons (alkanes) MODERN ATOMIC THEORY The electromagnetic spectrum The discovery of the quantum The emission spectra of the elements Rutherford model of the atom Bohr's model of the atom Modern atomic theory TheAufbau principle and electronic configurations of the elements Alkali metals and reactivity Atomic radii Ionization energy Electron affinity Additional problems THE CHEMICAL BOND Lewis electron-dot structures The concept of isoelectronic configurations The noble gas rule (octet rule) Simple ionic compounds Electronegativity and polar bonds Molecular binary compounds (noble gas rule) Polyatomic ions and their salts Resonance structures Molecular geometry - VSEPR theory Molecular geometry - examples linear molecules bent and trigonal planar molecules bent, trigonal pyramid and tetrahedral molecules Polar molecules

CHEMICAL REACTIONS The chemical reaction mass conservation balancing reactions microscopic/macroscopic views Types of reactions Combustion reactions Combination reactions Decomposition reactions Precipitation reactions Acid/Base reactions Ionic compounds and solubility in aqueous medium Solubility rules Net ionic equation QUANTITATIVE CHEMISTRY The mole (Avogadro's number) Formula weight of ionic compounds Molar mass of molecular compounds Mass-mole-number conversions Percent composition Empirical formulas Molecular formulas Reaction stoichiometry Reactions are mole-mole realtions Reactant and product conversion factors Calculations Limting reagent Theoretical and Percent Yield Heat and Chemical Reactions Topic questions and problems GASES Kinetic theory of gases The barometer Gas pressure Boyle's law Charle's law Gay-Lussac's law Avogadro's law Ideal gas law Dalton's law of partial pressure Gas densities Gas stoichiometry AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS General Comments Solubility and temperature dependence Concentration: ppm and ppb w/w% w/v% v/v% molarity Dilution Solution stoichiometry Properties of solutions electrical conductivity colligative